Gerunds and the different functions in English

When I was studying translation at the university , a friend of mine used to tell me that all the verbs go with "ed" because that was the way the nuns of her school taught her (actually, I don't think so, poor nuns). Obviously, I laughed because sometimes her writing made sense, but some other times it was terrible and the final grade was as bad as the "ed" ending of her grammar new rule. It was one of the reasons we didn't let her write any of our English tasks. Thus, when I start teaching English for the first time, I had to manage the use of the "ed" and "ing" endings. I had to understand it in one way that lets me teach in a practical and useful way, so my students could understand and manage it in their daily use.
I saw this video that might help a little bit to clear up the use of the "ing", because in English many verbs go in the ing form but not all of them are actually verbs, they can be adjectives, nouns, etc. Enjoy this video, it could help you up.